10 Cross-Curricular Elements for English and DLP Subjects in KSSR Primary School (SR)
The Cross-Curricular Elements are embedded into the teaching and learning process and are concurrent with the Content and Learning Standards in the SBELC. This benefits the pupils because today’s complex and multi-dimensional world requires them to have the ability to make connections between various sources of knowledge.
A selection of key elements across the curriculum is provided for teachers to achieve the goals of developing pupils’ ability to communicate accurately, confidently and effectively in the English Language, and to face the challenges of the 21st Century. These cross-curricular elements are:
1. Language
- The correct usage of the medium of instruction in all subjects should be emphasised.
- Emphasis on correct language use, as well as focus on pronunciation, sentence structure, grammar, terminology and language registers must be stressed during teaching and learning in order to help pupils develop ideas and communicate effectively.
2. Environmental Sustainability
- This refers to anything that furthers the goal of making life sustainable for the planet, and must be instilled and nurtured in pupils through teaching and learning.
- Knowledge about the importance of environmental conservation will cultivate appreciation of the environment and subsequently affect positive behaviour.
3. Values
- Values are given due emphasis in all the subjects so that pupils are aware of its importance and practise them.
- Values encompass aspects of spirituality, humanity and citizenship to be practised in their daily lives.
4. Science and Technology
- Inculcating pupils’ interest in Science and Technology can increase their literacy level in these areas.
- The use of technology in teaching can contribute to more efficient and effective learning.
- The integration of Science and Technology in teaching and learning encompasses four areas:
- (i) Scientific and technological knowledge (facts, principles, concepts related to Science and Technology);
- (ii) Scientific skills (specific processes of thinking and manipulative skills);
- (iii) Scientific behaviour (such as accuracy, honesty, safety); and
- (iv) The use of technology in teaching and learning activities.
5. Patriotism
- Patriotism can be cultivated in all subjects, co-curricular activities and community services.
- Patriotism helps to produce pupils who love the country and are proud to be Malaysians.
6. Creativity and Innovation
- Creativity is the ability to use imagination to gather, comprehend and generate ideas to create something new and original.
- Innovation on the other hand, is the application of creativity through modification, revision and development of an idea.
- Creativity and innovation are mutually compatible and necessary to ensure the development of human capital to face the 21st Century challenges.
- Creativity and innovation elements need to be integrated in teaching and learning.
7. Entrepreneurship
- Integration of entrepreneurial elements aims to cultivate entrepreneurial characteristics and practices amongst pupils.
- Entrepreneurial features in teaching and learning can nurture attitudes such as diligence, honesty, trust and responsibility as well as develop creative and innovative minds to generate marketable ideas.
8. Information and Communications Technology
- Integration of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) elements in teaching and learning ensures pupils can apply and enhance their basic ICT knowledge.
- The application of ICT encourages pupils to be creative, makes teaching and learning more interesting and fun, as well as enhances the quality of learning.
- ICT is integrated in teaching and learning to help pupils understand the content of the subject.
- Computational thinking is one of the skills emphasised in all subjects. It is a skill that uses logical reasoning, algorithm, frequency, contour analysis, abstraction and evaluation in solving problem with the help of computer.
9. Global Sustainability
- This element aims at developing pupils’ awareness, knowledge and values relating to global environmental change as well as human well-being and development. These knowledge and values can be applied in these areas; consumerism and sustainable products, global citizenship and unity.
- The acquisition of global sustainability knowledge is imperative in preparing pupils to face the 21st Century challenges at the local, national and global level.
- This element is inserted in lessons or taught directly in related subjects.
10. Financial Education
- The integration of Financial Education aims to create a future generation that is capable of making sound financial decisions, practising ethical financial management and managing financial affairs skillfully and with accountability.
- Financial Education can be applied directly or embedded in teaching and learning through topics such as Money that contains explicit financial elements, namely the calculation of simple interest and compound interest. It can also be embedded or integrated through other topics across the curriculum. Exposure to financial management is vital to provide pupils with knowledge, skills and values that can be applied effectively and meaningfully in real life.